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CS50

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the sailboat, see <a href="CS_50" title="CS 50">CS 50</a>.</div>

CS50 (Computer Science 50)<a href="#cite_note-7">[a]</a> is an introductory course on <a href="Computer_science" title="Computer science">computer science</a> taught at <a href="Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a> by <a href="David_J._Malan" title="David J. Malan">David J. Malan</a>. The on-campus version of the course is Harvard's largest class with 800 students, 102 staff, and up to 2,200 participants in their regular <a href="Hackathon" title="Hackathon">hackathons</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8">[7]</a><a href="#cite_note-9">[8]</a> The course was first offered on campus in 1989,<a href="#cite_note-:0-10">[9]</a> and Malan has been the course's instructor since 2007.<a href="#cite_note-:1-11">[10]</a> Notable industry experts including <a href="Mark_Zuckerberg" title="Mark Zuckerberg">Mark Zuckerberg</a> and <a href="Steve_Ballmer" title="Steve Ballmer">Steve Ballmer</a> have given guest lectures.<a href="#cite_note-:2-12">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-:3-13">[12]</a>

An <a href="Online_course" class="mw-redirect" title="Online course">online version</a> of the course, CS50x, is available through the platforms <a href="EdX" title="EdX">edX</a> and <a href="OpenCourseWare" title="OpenCourseWare">OpenCourseWare</a> and follows the same curriculum as the in-person format of the course.<a href="#cite_note-:5-14">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[14]</a> All CS50x course materials are free and there is no fee to complete the course, though various verified certificates are available for a fee.<a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a> As of 2024, CS50x teaches the languages <a href="C_(programming_language)" title="C (programming language)">C</a>, <a href="Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a>, <a href="SQL" title="SQL">SQL</a>, <a href="HTML" title="HTML">HTML</a>, <a href="CSS" title="CSS">CSS</a>, and <a href="JavaScript" title="JavaScript">JavaScript</a>. It also teaches fundamental computer science concepts including <a href="Data_structure" title="Data structure">data structures</a> and the <a href="Flask_(web_framework)" title="Flask (web framework)">Flask</a> framework.<a href="#cite_note-:5-14">[13]</a> New content is added to the course each year; additional lectures on <a href="Cybersecurity" class="mw-redirect" title="Cybersecurity">cybersecurity</a> and <a href="Emoji" title="Emoji">emoji</a> were added for 2022.<a href="#cite_note-17">[16]</a> Another adapted version of the course, CS50 AP, is designed for high school students and completes the required curriculum of <a href="AP_Computer_Science_Principles" title="AP Computer Science Principles">AP Computer Science Principles</a>.<a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div>

CS50 was first available in 1989.<a href="#cite_note-:0-10">[9]</a> <a href="Michael_D._Smith_(computer_scientist)" title="Michael D. Smith (computer scientist)">Michael D. Smith</a> was the professor of the course from 2002 to 2006,<a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a> after which point <a href="David_J._Malan" title="David J. Malan">David J. Malan</a> has been the primary professor.<a href="#cite_note-:1-11">[10]</a> <a href="Margo_Seltzer" title="Margo Seltzer">Margo Seltzer</a>,<a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a> Brian Yu,<a href="#cite_note-21">[20]</a> and Doug Lloyd<a href="#cite_note-22">[21]</a> have also taught the course. Guest lecturers have included <a href="Mark_Zuckerberg" title="Mark Zuckerberg">Mark Zuckerberg</a> (2005)<a href="#cite_note-:2-12">[11]</a> and <a href="Steve_Ballmer" title="Steve Ballmer">Steve Ballmer</a> (2014).<a href="#cite_note-:3-13">[12]</a>

<a href="Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a> began offering the course in 2015, becoming the second institution to teach an official version of the course. The course was offered experimentally for three years until it was added as a permanently-available course.<a href="#cite_note-23">[22]</a> At Yale, CS50 is based on Malan's recorded lectures, which are then supplemented by in-person class sections and office hours, all in <a href="New_Haven%2C_Connecticut" title="New Haven, Connecticut">New Haven</a>.<a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-:4-25">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-26">[25]</a> The <a href="University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a> is the third university to offer the course;<a href="#cite_note-:4-25">[24]</a> it is available as an online course through their Department for Continuing Education.<a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a>

In 2016, CS50's lecture schedule changed so that students would only have to attend two in-person lectures during the semester. Instead, lectures are now primarily delivered online.<a href="#cite_note-28">[27]</a> In 2023, an AI-powered teaching assistant was introduced to the course.<a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Course_progression">Course progression</h2></div>

CS32 (Computational Thinking and Problem Solving), taught by <a href="Michael_D._Smith_(computer_scientist)" title="Michael D. Smith (computer scientist)">Michael D. Smith</a>,<a href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a> is an alternative to CS50 but does not have a free online version.<a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a> The next course in sequence after CS32 or CS50 is CS51: Abstraction and Design in Computation, instructed by Stuart M. Shieber with Brian Yu as co-instructor.<a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a> CS50 is primarily offered every fall <a href="Semester" class="mw-redirect" title="Semester">semester</a>, with CS51 being offered every spring semester.<a href="#cite_note-33">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-34">[33]</a>

CS50x is a <a href="Massive_online_open_course" class="mw-redirect" title="Massive online open course">massive online open course</a> and "one of the most popular MOOCs in the world."<a href="#cite_note-35">[34]</a> CS50 first opened to online students in 2007,<a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a> but the CS50x course officially launched in 2012 as a course on <a href="EdX" title="EdX">edX</a>.<a href="#cite_note-37">[36]</a> The course content can also be taken through <a href="OpenCourseWare" title="OpenCourseWare">OpenCourseWare</a> for those not seeking a verified certificate.<a href="#cite_note-:5-14">[13]</a> In its inaugural year, over 50 thousand students enrolled;<a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a> in the years since, it has become the largest MOOC on the edX platform.<a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a> In 2016, it was reported that around 700 thousand students were enrolled in CS50x.<a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a> In 2018, a <a href="FreeCodeCamp" title="FreeCodeCamp">freeCodeCamp</a> article crowned CS50x as "the best MOOC."<a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Format">Format</h3></div>

There are 11 weeks of material in the CS50x course. Recordings of the on-campus lectures are created and uploaded to multiple platforms, including <a href="YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>, <a href="Apple_TV" title="Apple TV">Apple TV</a>, and <a href="Google_TV_(service)" title="Google TV (service)">Google TV</a> (one lecture per week). Additional recommended "section" and "shorts" videos are available, as well as "walkthrough" videos within the problem sets. After each week's material, the student submits a problem set, which automatically receives a calculated grade. At the end of the course, the student must submit a final project to complete the course or receive a verified certificate.<a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_CS50_courses">Other CS50 courses</h3></div>

There are a variety of other CS50 courses available on <a href="EdX" title="EdX">edX</a> and <a href="OpenCourseWare" title="OpenCourseWare">OpenCourseWare</a> as of 2024,<a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a><a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a> including courses on <a href="Python_(programming_language)" title="Python (programming language)">Python</a>, <a href="R_(programming_language)" title="R (programming language)">R</a>, and <a href="SQL" title="SQL">SQL</a>, as well as CS50 AI and CS50 Web, with focuses on <a href="Artificial_intelligence" title="Artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a> and <a href="Web_application" title="Web application">web applications</a>, respectively.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2></div>

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<li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> Occasionally subtitled Intensive Introduction to Computer Science,<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> Introduction to Computer Science I,<a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> or simply Introduction to Computer Science.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a><a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://courses.dce.harvard.edu/?keyword=csci%20e-50&srcdb=999925">"CSCI E-50: Intensive Introduction to Computer Science"</a>. <a href="Harvard_Extension_School" title="Harvard Extension School">Harvard Extension School</a>. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via Harvard Division of Continuing Education.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-4"><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFBolotnikova2016" class="citation web cs1">Bolotnikova, Marina N. (May–June 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2016/04/cs50-expanding-global-reach">"David Malan's Computer Science 50 expands to high-school classrooms"</a>. <a href="Harvard_Magazine" title="Harvard Magazine">Harvard Magazine</a>. Retrieved September 22, 2024.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-:1-11">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_11-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_11-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFMete2024" class="citation web cs1">Mete, Thomas J. (May 31, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2024/5/31/david-malan-profile-reunion/#:~:text=CS50,%E2%80%9D%20David%20J.,since%20with%20his%20signature%20line.">"'CS50 Changed My Life': 25 Years After Shuttleboy, David J. Malan '99 Reflects on Path to Teaching"</a>. <a href="The_Harvard_Crimson" title="The Harvard Crimson">The Harvard Crimson</a>. Retrieved September 22, 2024.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-:2-12">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_12-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_12-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFSmith2014" class="citation web cs1">Smith, Michael D. (April 4, 2014) [December 7, 2005]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xFFs9UgOAlE">"CS50 Lecture by Mark Zuckerberg"</a>. CS50. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via YouTube.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-:3-13">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_13-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_13-1">b</a> <cite id="CITEREFMalan2014" class="citation web cs1">Malan, David J. (November 13, 2014) [November 12, 2014]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7lhlKF6MECs">"CS50 Lecture by Steve Ballmer"</a>. CS50. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via YouTube.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-:5-14">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_14-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_14-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_14-2">c</a> <cite id="CITEREFMalan" class="citation web cs1">Malan, David J. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cs50.harvard.edu/x/2024/">"Welcome"</a>. CS50x 2024. Retrieved September 22, 2024.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFMalan2023" class="citation web cs1">Malan, David J. (March 8, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C70ax01aZ-I">"Difference Between CS50 and CS50x"</a>. CS50. Retrieved September 22, 2024 – via YouTube.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-34"><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://info.seas.harvard.edu/courses/four-year-plan">"4 Year Plan"</a>. <a href="Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard University</a>. Retrieved September 23, 2024.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-35"><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a> <cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digital-skills-jobs.europa.eu/en/opportunities/training/cs50-introduction-computer-science">"CS50: Introduction to Computer Science"</a>. Digital Skills & Jobs Platform. <a href="Europa.eu" class="mw-redirect" title="Europa.eu">europa.eu</a>. Retrieved September 22, 2024.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFThomas-Oxtoby2023" class="citation web cs1">Thomas-Oxtoby, Sarah (June 14, 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fortune.com/education/articles/nearly-5-million-people-have-taken-this-online-course-heres-how-it-can-kickstart-your-computer-science-career/">"Nearly 5 million people have taken this online course—here's how it can kickstart your computer science career"</a>. <a href="Fortune_(magazine)" title="Fortune (magazine)">Fortune</a>. Retrieved September 22, 2024.</cite>

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<li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFRouseWorland2012" class="citation web cs1">Rouse, Hana N.; Worland, Justin C. (October 16, 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2012/10/16/edX-Harvard-classes-start/">"First Day of School for Harvard Online"</a>. <a href="The_Harvard_Crimson" title="The Harvard Crimson">The Harvard Crimson</a>. Retrieved September 22, 2024.</cite>

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</ol></div></div>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div>

<ul><li><cite id="CITEREFAverbuch2015" class="citation web cs1">Averbuch, Maya (September 18, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2015/09/cs50-comes-to-yale">"Yale students greet Harvard's CS50 in "educational experiment""</a>. <a href="Harvard_Magazine" title="Harvard Magazine">Harvard Magazine</a>. Retrieved September 22, 2024.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFKates2014" class="citation web cs1">Kates, Hannah (November 21, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://harvardindependent.com/this-is-yale-cs50/">"This is (Yale) CS50"</a>. <a href="Harvard_Independent" class="mw-redirect" title="Harvard Independent">Harvard Independent</a>. Retrieved September 22, 2024.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFWexler1994" class="citation web cs1">Wexler, Stephanie P. (February 2, 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecrimson.com/article/1994/2/2/computer-science-50-pfor-his-first/">"COMPUTER SCIENCE 50"</a>. <a href="The_Harvard_Crimson" title="The Harvard Crimson">The Harvard Crimson</a>. Retrieved September 22, 2024.</cite></li>

<li><cite id="CITEREFZhang2011" class="citation web cs1">Zhang, Sarah (February 22, 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.harvardmagazine.com/2011/02/the-frisson-of-friction">"An undergraduate tries a hard and unfamiliar computer course"</a>. <a href="Harvard_Magazine" title="Harvard Magazine">Harvard Magazine</a>. Retrieved September 22, 2024.</cite></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div>

<ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cs50.harvard.edu/">CS50 official website</a></li>

<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cs50.org/index.html">CS50 outreach</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Complete_List_of_CS50_Courses">Complete List of CS50 Courses</h2></div>

<ul><li>CS50x: CS50's Introduction to Computer Science | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.edx.org/learn/computer-science/harvard-university-cs50-s-introduction-to-computer-science">edX</a> | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cs50.harvard.edu/x/">OpenCourseWare</a></li>

<li>CS50 AI: CS50's Introduction to Artificial Intelligence with Python | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.edx.org/learn/artificial-intelligence/harvard-university-cs50-s-introduction-to-artificial-intelligence-with-python">edX</a> | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cs50.harvard.edu/ai/">OpenCourseWare</a></li>

<li>CS50 Business: CS50's Computer Science for Business Professionals | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.edx.org/learn/computer-science/harvard-university-cs50-s-computer-science-for-business-professionals">edX</a> | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cs50.harvard.edu/business">OpenCourseWare</a></li>

<li>CS50 Cybersecurity: CS50's Introduction to Cybersecurity | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.edx.org/learn/cybersecurity/harvard-university-cs50-s-introduction-to-cybersecurity">edX</a> | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cs50.harvard.edu/cybersecurity">OpenCourseWare</a></li>

<li>CS50 for Lawyers: CS50's Computer Science for Lawyers | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.edx.org/learn/computer-science/harvard-university-cs50-s-computer-science-for-lawyers">edX</a> | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cs50.harvard.edu/law">OpenCourseWare</a></li>

<li>CS50 Python: CS50's Introduction to Programming with Python | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.edx.org/learn/python/harvard-university-cs50-s-introduction-to-programming-with-python">edX</a> | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cs50.harvard.edu/python/">OpenCourseWare</a></li>

<li>CS50 R: CS50's Introduction to Programming with R | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.edx.org/learn/r-programming/harvard-university-cs50-s-introduction-to-programming-with-r">edX</a> | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cs50.harvard.edu/r">OpenCourseWare</a></li>

<li>CS50 Scratch: CS50's Introduction to Programming with Scratch | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.edx.org/learn/scratch-programming/harvard-university-cs50-s-introduction-to-programming-with-scratch">edX</a> | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cs50.harvard.edu/scratch">OpenCourseWare</a></li>

<li>CS50 SQL: CS50's Introduction to Databases with SQL | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.edx.org/learn/sql/harvard-university-cs50-s-introduction-to-databases-with-sql">edX</a> | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cs50.harvard.edu/sql">OpenCourseWare</a></li>

<li>CS50 Web: CS50's Web Programming with Python and JavaScript | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.edx.org/learn/web-development/harvard-university-cs50-s-web-programming-with-python-and-javascript">edX</a> | <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cs50.harvard.edu/web">OpenCourseWare</a></li></ul></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

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